“天冷就爱洗热水澡，可洗完却胸闷难受…… ”一到冬天，洗澡时各种状况频繁出现，是谁又在照镜子了？
网友：千万不要空腹洗澡，上次我就晕了......
其实，老话“饱洗澡”是有科学依据的！
英国考文垂大学有一项研究，让受试者在相同的时间内泡热水澡或骑自行车，结果显示，尽管骑自行车消耗的身体能量更多，但受试者的核心体温和心率上升是相当的。研究人员指出，定期泡热水澡的健身效果实际上同散步、慢跑和骑自行车相仿。
Research from Coventry University found that participants who took hot baths or rode bicycles for the same duration of time showed similar increases in core body temperature and heart rate, despite cycling consuming more physical energy. Researchers pointed out that the fitness benefits of regularly taking hot baths are actually comparable to those of walking, jogging and cycling. be comparable to 比得上……的；与……可比较的
此外，据健康时报刊文表示，洗澡最好不要空腹，而应该是吃饱了之后，当然也不要吃完饭马上就洗，最好先休息一个小时。饭后洗澡，一是有充足的能量供给；二是可避免因饥饿引起的无力、眩晕、休克等机体不适。
Another study suggests that it's best to avoid bathing on an empty stomach or immediately after a meal. Ideally, you should rest for about an hour before bathing. Bathing after a meal ensures sufficient energy supply and helps prevent discomforts such as weakness, dizziness or even shock caused by hunger.
还有几种情况不宜洗澡，你知道吗？
吃太饱别洗澡
吃饱饭之后不建议立刻洗澡。饱餐时胃肠蠕动，对血液量要求较大，但洗澡时血液流向体表，减少胃肠供血，易引发消化问题。
When we take a shower, it cools down the body temperature and slows down the entire digestion process. This is why taking a bath right after a meal is considered unhealthy for the body.
喝酒后别洗澡
在酒精的刺激作用下，血管会出现轻度扩张的现象，进而导致血压降低。若此时洗澡，血液向体表转移，会使得血压降低。同时，血压降低意味着血流供应难以满足体温变化的需求，人会比较容易发生晕厥。
Alcohol causes mild dilation of blood vessels, lowering blood pressure. Taking a shower at this time directs blood to the skin, further decreasing blood pressure and making fainting more likely due to insufficient blood flow for temperature regulation.
blood vessel 血管
运动后别洗澡
运动结束后，切勿立即洗热水澡。当身体受到热水刺激后，肌肉和皮肤的血管会迅速扩张，大量血液流向肌肉和皮肤，致使其他器官，尤其是心脏和脑部的供血量严重不足。对于患有高血压或冠心病的人群而言，这种情况容易引发心脏和脑部严重供血不足，极有可能导致心脑血管系统疾病急性发作。
Hot water causes blood vessels in the muscles and skin to dilate, diverting blood from other organs, especially the heart and brain. In individuals with hypertension or coronary artery disease, this can lead to insufficient blood flow, increasing the risk of acute cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events. cardiovascular /ˌkɑːrdioʊˈvæskjələr/ 心血管的 cerebrovascular /ˌserəbroʊˈvæskjələr/ 脑血管的
看了这么多，关于“洗澡、清洗、冲洗”的英文表达你知道多少呢？快来一起学习！
▌淋浴
bath 沐浴，洗澡
Susannah has a long hot bath every evening.
苏珊娜每天晚上都要美美地泡个热水澡。
► wash （用水和肥皂）洗（身体的某部分）；洗澡
I'd like to wash before dinner.
吃饭前我要洗洗手。
► bathtime（小孩的）洗澡时间；洗澡
Let's start to put the toys away—it's nearly bathtime.
把玩具收拾起来吧——差不多该洗澡了。
▌清洗
► swab （用湿布或拖把）清洗，擦洗（尤指船上的地板）
To swab the bamboo floor with half dry cloth, don't sprinkle water directly.
用半干的布擦洗竹地板，不要直接洒水。
► cleanse 清洗；使清洁
Cleanse the cut/wound thoroughly before you bandage it.
打绷带之前要彻底清洗伤口。
► valet 清洗（尤指内部）
There's a service which will valet your car for you while it is parked.
有一项代客洗车服务是趁车停在那里时进行的。
▌冲洗
► irrigate 冲洗（尤指伤口）
The doctor used a saline solution to irrigate the patient's wound to remove the dirt and bacteria.
医生用生理盐水冲洗病人的伤口，以去除污垢和细菌。
► rinse （用清水）冲洗，涮洗，漂洗
First apply shampoo to hair and then rinse thoroughly.
先把洗发水抹在头发上，然后彻底冲洗干净。
今天你学会了吗？
编辑：黎霈融
实习生：邹欣婷
来源：外研社
